LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) yog dab tsi?

Yuav ua li cas LCDs ua haujlwm

Cov zaub yog tsim los ntawm ntau lab pixels. Qhov zoo ntawm cov zaub feem ntau hais txog cov pixels; Piv txwv li, 4K zaub yog ua los ntawm 3840 x2160 lossis 4096x2160 pixels. Ib pixel yog ua los ntawm peb subpixels; liab, xiav thiab ntsuab-feem ntau hu uaRGB. Thaum cov subpixels hauv pixel hloov xim sib xyaw ua ke, cov xim sib txawv tuaj yeem tsim tau. Nrog rau tag nrho cov pixels ntawm cov zaub ua haujlwm ua ke, cov zaub tuaj yeem ua rau ntau lab ntawm cov xim sib txawv. Thaum lub pixels hloov pauv sai thiab tawm, daim duab yog tsim.

Txoj kev tswj hwm pixel sib txawv hauv txhua hom zaub; CRT, LED, LCD thiab hom tshiab ntawm kev qhia txhua qhov kev tswj pixels txawv. Hauv luv luv, LCDs tau teeb los ntawm lub teeb nraub qaum, thiab pixels tau hloov pauv thiab tawm hauv hluav taws xob thaum siv cov kua siv lead ua kua los tig lub teeb polarized. Lub iav polarizing yog muab tso rau pem hauv ntej thiab tom qab tag nrho cov pixels, pem hauv ntej lim yog muab tso rau ntawm 90 degrees. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm ob lub lim dej yog cov kua siv lead ua kua, uas tuaj yeem hloov hluav taws xob rau thiab tawm.

LCDs yog tsim nrog ib tug passive matrix los yog ib tug active matrix daim phiaj. Lub active matrix LCD tseem hu ua nyias zaj duab xis transistor (TFT) zaub. Lub passive matrix LCD muaj ib daim phiaj ntawm cov neeg xyuas pib nrog pixels nyob ntawm txhua qhov kev sib tshuam hauv daim phiaj. Ib qho tam sim no raug xa mus hla ob lub conductors ntawm daim phiaj los tswj lub teeb rau txhua pixel. Lub active matrix muaj atransistornyob ntawm txhua qhov kev sib tshuam pixel, yuav tsum muaj tsawg dua tam sim no los tswj lub luminance ntawm pixel. Vim li no, tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib qho active matrix zaub tuaj yeem hloov mus rau thiab tawm ntau zaus, txhim kho lub sijhawm tshiab ntawm lub vijtsam.

Ib co passive matrix LCD's muaj dual scanning, txhais tau hais tias lawv luam theej duab daim phiaj ob zaug nrog tam sim no nyob rau tib lub sij hawm uas nws coj mus rau ib tug scan nyob rau hauv thawj technology. Txawm li cas los xij, active matrix tseem yog ib qho cuab yeej zoo tshaj ntawm ob.

Hom LCDs

Hom LCDs muaj xws li:

• Twisted Nematic (TN) - uas pheej yig thaum muaj lub sij hawm teb siab. Txawm li cas los xij, TN cov lus pom muaj qhov sib piv qis, saib cov ces kaum thiab xim sib txawv.
• Hauv Vaj Huam Sib Luag Hloov Cov Lus Qhia (IPS Panels) - uas khav theeb qhov sib piv zoo dua, saib cov ces kaum thiab xim sib piv thaum piv rau TN LCDs.
• Vertical Alignment Panels (VA Vaj Huam Sib Luag)- uas tau pom tias yog qhov zoo nruab nrab ntawm TN thiab IPS cov lus qhia.
• Advanced Fringe Field Switching (AFFS) - uas yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws piv rau IPS cov lus hauv cov xim luam tawm ntau.

LCD Vs OLED Vs QLED

LCDs tam sim no tau dhau los ntawm lwm cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis, tab sis tsis yog tag nrho yav dhau los. Tsis tu ncua, LCDs tau raug hloov los ntawm OLEDs, lossis organic teeb-emitting diodes.

OLEDs siv ib lub iav los yog yas vaj huam sib luag, piv rau LCDs uas siv ob. Vim tias OLED tsis xav tau lub teeb pom kev zoo li LCD, OLED cov khoom siv xws li TVs feem ntau nyias nyias, thiab muaj cov xim dub ntau dua, vim tias txhua pixel hauv OLED zaub yog ib tus zuj zus. Yog tias cov zaub feem ntau yog xim dub nyob rau hauv ib qho screen LCD, tab sis tsuas yog ib feem me me yuav tsum tau teeb, tag nrho lub vaj huam sib luag rov qab tseem ci, ua rau lub teeb pom kev nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm cov zaub. Ib qho screen OLED zam qhov no, nrog rau qhov zoo sib xws thiab saib cov ces kaum thiab siv zog tsawg dua. Nrog lub vaj huam sib luag yas, OLED zaub tuaj yeem khoov thiab quav rau nws tus kheej thiab tseem ua haujlwm. Qhov no tuaj yeem pom hauv smartphones, xws li cov teeb meem Galaxy Fold; los yog hauv iPhone X, uas yuav khoov rau hauv qab ntawm cov zaub hla nws tus kheej yog li cov khoom siv ribbon cable tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntawm lub xov tooj, tshem tawm qhov xav tau rau hauv qab bezel.

Txawm li cas los xij, OLED cov duab zoo li yuav kim dua thiab tuaj yeem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev kub hnyiab, raws li cov duab plasma ua.

QLED sawv cev rau quantum teeb-emitting diode thiab quantum dot LED. QLED cov lus tau tsim los ntawm Samsung thiab tuaj yeem pom hauv cov TV tshiab. QLEDs ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li LCDs, thiab tseem tuaj yeem suav tias yog hom LCD. QLEDs ntxiv ib txheej ntawm quantum dot zaj duab xis rau LCD, uas ua rau kom cov xim thiab ci ntsa iab ntau dua piv rau lwm cov LCDs. Lub quantum dot zaj duab xis yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv lead ua semi-conductor me me. Cov khoom siv lead ua semi-conductor tuaj yeem tswj tau rau lawv cov xim tso zis.

Thaum txiav txim siab ntawm QLED thiab OLED zaub, QLEDs muaj ntau qhov ci ntsa iab thiab tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm kev kub hnyiab. Txawm li cas los xij, OLED cov lus tseem muaj qhov sib piv zoo dua thiab cov xim dub tob dua li QLEDs.