Dab tsi yog TFT LCD

 Dab tsiPuas yog TFT LCD txhais tau tias? 

TFT LCD yog luv rauIb tug nyias-zaj duab xis transistor kua siv lead ua zaub, uas yog tsim los ntawm layering nyias zaj duab xis ntawm lub iav substrate, li no lub npe. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yog siv los tsim microprocessors. Lub TFT nyob rau hauv lub LCD tswj ib tug neeg pixels nyob rau hauv cov zaub los ntawm kev teeb tsa lub theem ntawm hluav taws xob teb nyob rau hauv peb lub kua siv lead ua capacitors (ib qho rau txhua sub-pixel ntawm liab, ntsuab thiab xiav) nyob rau hauv lub pixel thiaj li yuav tswj lub polarization ntawm lub khoom siv lead ua. Tus nqi ntawm polarization nyob rau hauv lub siv lead ua txiav txim siab npaum li cas ntawm lub teeb uas ncav cuag cov xim lim los ntawm lub backlight. Vim tias muaj peev xwm tswj tau ncaj qha thiab ceev ceev txhua pixel, TFT tseem hu ua active-matrix LCD technology.

TFT LCD saib yog ib hom vaj huam sib luag tiaj tiaj uas ua haujlwm raws li lub khoos phis tawj saib lossis ua cov zaub rau TV. TFT LCD yog luv rau nyias zaj duab xis transistor kua siv lead ua zaub. Feem ntau, cov tuam txhab lag luam luv luv lub sij hawm rau cov lus qhia rau LCD, tso lub TFT los ntawm lub npe vim tias cov ntawv luv no tsuas yog hais txog hom LCD saib, thiab TFT yog hom nrov tshaj plaws.

Lub nyias zaj duab xis transistor muaj ib daim nyias nyias ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor siv hla lub iav substrate. Txhua pixel muaj nws tus kheej transistor nrog rau cov khoom siv lead ua kua. Cov khoom siv ua kua siv lead ua pov thawj cov khoom ntawm ob lub kua, vim nws muaj peev xwm hloov tau sai, thiab siv lead ua, vim nws muaj peev xwm nyob twj ywm hauv txoj haujlwm. Lub transistor siv qhov voltage rau pixel, txiav txim siab nws cov xim thiab siv. Ib pixel luv luv rau cov duab keeb, thiab cov pixels me me sib xyaw ua ke los tsim cov duab ntawm cov zaub.

Lwm lub npe rau TFT LCD saib yog active-matrix LCD. Txawm hais tias TFT tsis yog tib lub tshuab ua haujlwm-matrix nkaus xwb, nws yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws, ua rau qee tus neeg siv ob nqe lus sib hloov. Lub TFT tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm lub active-matrix LCD, txawm li cas los xij. Lub sij hawm active-matrix yog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm tus saib los tswj tus kheej pixels thiab hloov lawv sai.

Active-matrix LCDs txawv ntawm passive-matrix LCDs nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Lawv muaj lub siab refresh tus nqi, siab sib piv, thiab lub sij hawm teb siab, tsawg kawg yog piv rau passive-matrix zaub. Lub passive-matrix LCD feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv lub tshuab xam zauv zaub lossis lub dab teg digital, qhov twg cov zaub muaj qee ntu thiab tsis tas yuav muaj xim tag nrho. Active-matrix displays feem ntau yog high-resolution, tag nrho-xim LCDs, thiab lawv suav nrog cov uas pom nyob rau hauv lub computer zaub, xov tooj ntawm tes, thiab TVs.

Ob peb yam sib txawv ntawm nyias zaj duab xis transistor thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem pom hauv TFT LCD saib. Qhov ntau tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv hauv computer thiab TVs yog hu ua twisted nematic (TN) zaub, uas muaj lub sijhawm teb ceev. TN cov lus qhia tsis zoo nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam saib lub kaum ntse ntse thiab xim luam tawm, txawm li cas los xij. Lwm cov cuab yeej saib xyuas yog IPS, luv luv rau kev hloov hauv dav hlau. Ib qho IPS zaub muaj cov xim zoo nkauj thiab saib cov ces kaum zoo, tab sis nws cov nqi refresh qeeb.

 LCD kua siv lead ua kua

Cov kua muaju yog yuav luag cov khoom pob tshab thiab nthuav tawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov muaju thiab cov kua dej tib lub sijhawm. Ob lub iav daim hlau kaw nrog epoxy resin thiab nrog ib tug zawj nyob rau hauv lub ces kaum sab laug tso cai rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov kua muaju (nyob rau hauv lub nqus tsev vacuum) ua ntej qhov kawg sealing ntawm cov iav daim hlau. Qhov sib txawv muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab qhov kev taw qhia ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua. Thaum siv cov polarizers thiab cov xim lim dej, qhov sib txawv ntawm kev taw qhia ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua ua rau qhov sib txawv ntawm kev xa tawm (lossis reflectance) thiab cov xim tshwm sim. Cov kua dej ua kua yog cov khoom uas nthuav tawm cov theem sib txawv (khoom, kua siv lead ua kua lossis kua) ntawm qhov kub sib txawv

 Leveling zaj duab xis

Cov zaj duab xis yog tso rau ntawm ob daim iav (sab sauv thiab qis), nrog rau cov kab sib npaug sib npaug, kom cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules tau ua raws li cov kev taw qhia tsim nyog (Daim duab 5 muaj cov kab sib txuas ua ke, kom cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules yog aligned nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia coj)

 LCD kev txhim kho

Cov kua siv lead ua kua tau tshawb pom ntau dua 100 xyoo dhau los. Thaum tshav kub kub, lawv lub xeev sab nraud tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm cov khoom siv mus rau cov kua siv lead ua kua, thiab txawm tias tag nrho hloov mus rau hauv cov kua dej raws li qhov kub thiab txias nce ntxiv. Tau ntau xyoo, tib neeg tau siv zog los txhim kho cov kua siv lead ua kua, thiab vim li ntawd lawv tau siv dav hauv tshuab xam zauv hluav taws xob thiab cov moos digital. Tam sim no, daim ntawv thov ntau yam ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua yog dav: lub xov tooj ntawm tes, lub computer ntawm tus kheej thiab TVs, uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tuab tuab, tsawg zog noj, siab daws teeb meem thiab brightness. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, uas tau tsav los ntawm kev sib kis ceev ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag vaj huam sib luag, qhov kev thov rau LCD vaj huam sib luag yuav tsum loj hlob tuaj.

 LCD ua haujlwm li cas

Thaum ib qho hluav taws xob tau siv rau ob lub LCD electrodes, qhov muaj zog "nplaum" ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules, lub peev xwm siv tau ntau dua (Daim duab 6). Voltage rhiab heev yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua. Daim duab 7 qhia qhov qub "dawb" hom ntawm LCD. Ntev npaum li tsis muaj peev xwm sib txawv, lub teeb tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua, thiab cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules yuav hloov qhov taw qhia ntawm lub teeb dav hlau raws li lawv lub kaum ntse ntse. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum siv hluav taws xob, cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules yuav "tawm" thiab "txoj kev ncaj" lub teeb coj mus rau sab sauv polarizing lim. Yog li ntawd, lub teeb yuav tsis tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm thaj chaw nquag ntawm LCD, thiab thaj chaw no yuav tsaus dua li thaj tsam ib puag ncig.

 LCD tswj hom

Daim duab 8 qhia txog LCD tswj Circuit Court. Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm xaiv ntawm lub sij hawm, lub hloov mus kaw thiab ib tug input voltage yog siv rau cov kua siv lead ua kua, uas yuav ua rau lub orientation ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua molecules hloov. Thaum lub kaw lus kaw, qee qhov nqi khaws cia hauv Clc, thiab qhov hluav taws xob hla Clc txo qis nrog lub sijhawm. Xav txog kev ntxiv ib qho kev cia capacitor Cst nyob rau hauv parallel nrog Clc kom nthuav dav lub peev xwm ntawm tus nqi.

 Lub zog cia capacitor

Qhov tseeb, kev tswj cov kua siv lead ua kua yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm AC voltage. Txhawm rau qhib lub LCD, qhov hluav taws xob tsuas yog siv thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob qhib, thiab tom qab ntawd qhov hloov pauv tau muab tua tam sim ntawd. Qee qhov xwm txheej, qhov hluav taws xob thoob plaws cov kua siv lead ua kua poob vim qhov xau. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no, peb tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib txuas kom them nyiaj rau qhov hluav taws xob xau. Raws li lub capacitance Cst nce, cov duab ntawm qhov voltage thoob plaws nws yog ze rau ib tug zigzag

 Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm TFT LCD

TFT ua raws li kev hloov. Lub rooj vag ntawm TFT txuas nrog cov kab scan, qhov chaw txuas nrog cov ntaub ntawv kab, thiab cov dej ntws txuas nrog Clc thiab Cst. Thaum lub kaw lus qhib (xaiv ntawm kab scan), TFT channel qhib, thiab cov ntaub ntawv duab yuav raug sau rau hauv Clc thiab Cst. Thaum lub kaw lus tsis raug xaiv, TFT channel raug kaw

 Lub hauv paus qauv ntawm TFT LCD

Lub hauv paus ntawm TFT-LCD qauv suav nrog cov kua siv lead ua kua, ob lub polarizers thiab iav phaj: xim xim zaj duab xis substrate thiab qis TFT array substrate. Txha cov khoom siv lead ua kua ntawm ob lub khob iav

 Luminous flux kho

Los ntawm kev tswj qhov loj ntawm qhov input voltage siv rau cov kua siv lead ua kua, qhov kev npaj, kev taw qhia thiab kev taw qhia ntawm cov molecules tuaj yeem hloov pauv, uas yuav ua rau lub ntim ntawm cov luminous flux los ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua hloov raws li.